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Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. The result may be a decorative object in itself...
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Etching is an intaglio method of printmaking in which the image is incised into the surface of a metal plate using an acid. The acid eats the metal, leaving...
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Giclée , commonly pronounced "zhee-clay," is the use of the ink-jet printing process for making fine art large format digital images. The word giclée was coined...
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Intaglio is a printmaking technique in which the image is incised into a surface. Normally, copper or zinc plates are used as a surface, and the incisions are created by etching...
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Lithography is a method for printing on a smooth surface. It can be used to print text or artwork onto paper or another suitable material...
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Mezzotint is a printing process of the intaglio family, in which the surface of a metal plate is roughened evenly; the image is then brought...
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Screenprinting, or serigraphy, previously known as Silkscreen is a printmaking technique that traditionally creates a sharp-edged image using a stencil...
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A woodcut is a wooden printing surface used in woodblock printing, a method in which an image is carved into the surface of a piece of wood...
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Offset printing is a widely used printing technique where the inked image is transferred from a plate first to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface...
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Woodcut
 A woodcut is a wooden printing surface used in woodblock printing, a method in which an image is carved into the surface of a piece of wood, with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed, typically with gouges. The surface is covered with ink by rolling over the surface with an ink-covered roller (brayer), leaving ink upon the flat surface but not in the non-printing areas. Paper is then placed face-down on the woodblock and pressure is applied to the back, either by printing press or with hand-held tools such as a spoon or a baren (though any hard, slightly curved surface will do). The ink is transferred to the paper by the pressure, and the mirror image of the surface of the woodblock is printed. The finished print is also often called a woodcut. Multiple colors can be printed by keying the paper to a frame around the woodblocks (where one woodcut is used for each color).
A quicker method of separating printing from non-printing areas is to cover the printing areas with shield, and then blasting the whole surface, either by sandblasting or shotblasting. The shield may be a metal outline, or a thick coat of rubber cement or similar compound.
The art reached a high level of technical and artistic development in East Asia and Iran. In Japan woodblock printing is called "moku hanga", and was used for the popular "floating world" genre of ukiyo-e.
The art of carving the woodcut is called "xylography".
Examples
- 36 Views of Mount Fuji (Hokusai)
- Crushing by elephant
- Dürer's Rhinoceros
- Emblem book
- Four horsemen of the Apocalypse
- Hypnerotomachia Poliphili
- Just So Stories
- O'Reilly Media
- Suit (cards)
- Ukiyo-e
- Mona Lisa
Artists
- Max Beckmann
- Thomas Bewick
- Gustave Doré
- Werner Drewes
- Albrecht Dürer
- Fritz Eichenberg
- M. C. Escher
- John Gilbert
- Clifford Harper
- John Held Jr.
- Hiroshige
- Hokusai
- Carl Eugen Keel
- Kathe Kollwitz
- Fritz Kredel
- Peter Kuper
- Frans Masereel
- Felix Vallotton
- Hishikawa Moronobu
- José Guadalupe Posada
- Peter Schumann
- Lynd Ward
- Sarcas Bealevethon
- Leonardo Da Vinci
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