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Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation...
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A crayon is a stick of colored wax, charcoal, chalk, or other material used for writing and drawing. A crayon made of oiled chalk is called an oil pastel...
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Figure drawing, also known as life drawing, is an exercise in drawing the human body in its various shapes and positions. It is arguably the most difficult...
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Graphite (named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789, from the Greek γραφειν: "to draw/write", for its use in pencils) is one of the allotropes of carbon...
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Hatching (hachure in French) and cross-hatching are artistic techniques used to create tonal or shading effects by drawing (or painting or scribing)...
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Marker pen, or marker, is a term used to refer to various kinds of pens which have their own ink-source and usually a tip made of some porous material...
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Oil pastel is a painting and drawing medium with characteristics similar to pastels and wax crayons. Unlike "soft" or "French" pastel sticks...
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Pen and ink refers to a technique of drawing or writing, in which colored (this includes black) ink is applied to paper using a pen or other stylus...
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A pencil is a small hand-held instrument containing an interior strip of solid material that produces marks used to write and draw, usually on paper...
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Stippling is the technique of using small dots to simulate varying degrees of solidity or shading. In a drawing or painting, the dots are made of pigmen...
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Technical drawing, also known as drafting or draughting, is the technique of creating accurate representations of objects for architecture...
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Hatching
 Hatching (hachure in French) and cross-hatching are artistic techniques used to create tonal or shading effects by drawing (or painting or scribing) closely spaced parallel lines. When lines are placed at an angle to one another, it is called cross-hatching.
Artists use the technique, varying the length, angle, closeness and other qualities of the lines, most commonly in drawing, linear painting, engraving, and ethnic art.
Technique
The main concept is that the quantity, thickness and spacing of line will affect the brightness of the overall image. By increasing quantity, thickness and closeness, you'll have a darker image.
It's often a good idea to contrast an area of shading with another patch which has lines going in another direction- thus creating contrast.
Various line work can be used to represent colours, and it's often a good idea to use the same type of hatch to represent certain tones (i.e. red might be made up of lightly spaced lines, whereas green could be made of two layers of perpendicular dense lines), resulting in a realistic image.
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