common medical abbreviations



medical abbreviations
This Day in History

medical abbreviations

This is a list of medical acronyms and abbreviations.

The US based Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) requires its members to follow a "do not use list":[1]

Do Not Use Potential Problem Use Instead
Official "Do Not Use" List:
U (unit) Mistaken for “0” (zero), the number “4” (four) or “cc” "unit"
IU (International Unit) Mistaken for IV (intravenous) or the number 10 (ten) "International Unit"
Q.D., QD, q.d., qd (daily)
Q.O.D., QOD, q.o.d, qod (every other day)
Mistaken for each other. Period after the Q mistaken for "I" and
the "O" mistaken for "I" (q.i.d. is four times a day dosing)
"daily"
"every other day"
Trailing zero (X.0 mg)
Lack of leading zero (.X mg)
Decimal point is missed X mg
0.X mg
MS Can mean morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate "morphine sulfate"
MSO4 and MgSO4 Confused for one another "magnesium sulfate"
For possible future inclusion in the Official List:
> (greater than)
< (less than)
Misinterpreted as the number "7" (seven) or the letter "L".
Confused for one another
"greater than"
"less than"
Abbreviations for drug names Misinterpreted due to similar abbreviations for multiple drugs Write drug names in full
Apothecary units Unfamiliar to many practitioners. Confused with metric units metric units
@ Mistaken for the number "2" (two) "at"
cc Mistaken for U (units) when poorly written "ml" or "milliliters"
µg Mistaken for mg (milligrams) resulting in one thousand-fold overdose "mcg" or "micrograms"


Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


0–9

  • #  – Fracture
  • #NOF Fracture to the neck of the – femur
  • x/12 x number of months
  • x/40 x number of weeks of pregnancy
  • x/52 x number of weeks
  • x/7 x number of days
  • 5-HT  – Serotonin  – 5-Hydroxytryptamine
  • Ψ  – Psychiatry

A

  • A&Ox3 – Alert and Oriented to person, place, and time
  • A&Ox4 – Alert and Oriented to person, place, time, and circumstances (often used interchangeably with A&Ox3)
  • AAA – Abdominal aortic aneurysm
  • Ab – Antibody
  • ABC – aspiration biopsy cytology
  • ABCD "Assymetry, borders, color, diameter" Is it a – Melanoma?
  • ABD or abd – abdomen
  • ABG – Arterial blood gases
  • ABMT – Autologous bone marrow transplantation
  • ABPI – Ankle brachial pressure index
  • ABVD – doxorubicin bleomycin vinblastine dacarbazine First-line treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • ABX – antibiotics "Bugjuice"
  • a.c. before food, from – Latin, ante cibum
  • ACE – Angiotensin converting enzyme
  • ACEI – Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
  • ACh – Acetylcholine
  • ACL – Anterior cruciate ligament
  • ACLS – Advanced cardiac life support
  • ACTH – Adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • AD – Alzheimer's Disease
  • ADA – Adenosine deaminase
  • ADC – AIDS dementia complex
  • ADD – Attention Deficit Disorder
  • ADH – Antidiuretic hormone
  • ADHD – Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • ADL – activities of daily living
  • ad lib – as desired from – Latin, ad libitum
  • adm admission
  • ADR – Adverse drug reaction
  • ADR Ain't doin' right
  • AEM – Ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring
  • AF – atrial fibrillation
  • AF – Amniotic fluid
  • AFB – acid fast bacilli
  • AFO – ankle-foot orthosis
  • AFP – Alpha-fetoprotein
  • Ag – Antigen
  • AGMI Ain't Gonna Make It
  • AHF – Antihemophilic factor
  • AHG – Antihemophilic globulin
  • AHH – aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase
  • AI – Artificial insemination
  • AI – Aortic insufficiency
  • AICD – Automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator
  • AID – Artificial insemination by donor
  • AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
  • AIH – artificial insemination by husband
  • aka – also known as
  • AKA – Above knee amputation
  • ALG – Antilymphocytic globulin
  • ALL – Acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • ALP – Alkaline phosphatase
  • ALPS – Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
  • ALS – Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • ALS – Advanced Life Support
  • ALT – Alanine transferase
  • AMA – Anti-mitochondrial Antibodies
  • AMC – Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
  • AMI – Acute myocardial infarction
  • AML – Acute myelocytic leukemia
  • AMP – Adenosine monophosphate
  • AMS – Acute mountain sickness
  • AMS – atypical measles syndrome
  • ANA – Anti-nuclear antibody
  • ANCA – Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
  • ANF – Atrial natriuretic factor
  • ANP – Atrial natriuretic peptide
  • ANS – Autonomic nervous system
  • ANUG – Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  • AP – Alkaline phosphatase
  • APAP – acetaminophen, paracetamol; from the chemical name N-acetyl-para-aminophenol
  • APD – adult polycystic disease
  • APECED – autoimmune polyendocrinopathy
  • APH – Antepartum haemorrhage
  • APLS – antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
  • APSAC – Anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex
  • APS – autoimmune polyglandular syndrome
  • aPTT – Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
  • AQR Ain't Quite Right
  • AR – Aortic Regurgitation
  • ARC – AIDS related complex
  • ARDS – Acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • ARF – Acute renal failure
  • Arg – Arginine
  • ART – antiretroviral therapy
  • ARM – Artificial rupture of membranes
  • ASA – Acetylsalicylic acid - commonly known as – aspirin
  • AS – Aortic stenosis
  • ASCAD – arteriosclerotic coronary artery disease
  • ASD – Atrial septal defect
  • ASGUS – Atypical squamous glandular cells of undetermined significance
  • ASCUS – Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance
  • ASL – American sign language
  • ASO – Antistreptolysin O
  • ASOT – Antistreptolysin O titre
  • AST – Aspartate transaminase
  • ASX – Asymptomatic
  • ATCC – American Type Culture Collection
  • ATG – Antithymic globulin
  • AT-III – Antithrombin III
  • ATP – acute thrombocytopenic purpura
  • ATP – adenosine triphosphate
  • ATP – Anti-tachycardia pacing
  • AVM – Arteriovenous malformation
  • AVR – Aortic valve replacement
  • AZT – azidothymidine

B

  • BA – barium
  • BAL – Bronchoalveolar lavage
  • BAL – British anti-Lewisite
  • BAL Blood Alcohol Level
  • BAO – Basic acid output)
  • BAT – Brown adipose tissue
  • BCG – Bacille Calmette-Guerin (a – tuberculosis vaccination)
  • BBMF "Bone break, me fix" Orthopedic consent form
  • b.d. Twice daily, from – Latin, bis die
  • b.i.d. Twice daily, from – Latin, bis in die
  • BE – Base excess
  • BIBA brought in by ambulance
  • BFB Big F*cking Baby =difficult whiney patient
  • BK – Bacterium Koch
  • bl cult [blood culture]
  • bld [blood]
  • BLS Basic Lifting service
  • BMC – Bone mass content
  • BMD – Bone mineral density (also termed bone mass measurement)
  • BMI – Body mass index
  • BMP Blood Metabolic Profile
  • BMR – Basal metabolic rate
  • BMT – Bone marrow transplantation
  • BNF – British National Formulary
  • BNP – Brain natriuretic peptide
  • BOHICA Bend Over, Here It Comes Again
  • BOI Born on island, ie. a local patient.
  • BP – Blood pressure
  • BP – Bipolar disorder
  • BPD – Bi-Parietal Diameter
  • BPD – Borderline personality disorder
  • BPH – Benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • BPM – Beats per minute
  • BPPV – Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
  • BS Breath or Bowel sounds on – asculation with stethescope
  • BSE – Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
  • BSE – Breast self-examination
  • BSP – Bromsulphthalein
  • BUN – Blood urea nitrogen
  • BV – Bacterial vaginosis
  • Bx – Biopsy

C

  • ċ (c with a bar over it) with from – Latin, cum
  • CABG – Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery. Pronounced "Cabbage".
  • CAD – Coronary artery disease
  • cAMP – cyclic adenosine monophosphate
  • CA – Carcinoma
  • Ca – Calcium
  • CADASIL – Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy
  • CAH – Chronic Active Hepatitis
  • CAH – Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • CAT – computed axial tomography
  • CAPD – Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
  • CBC – Complete Blood Count
  • CC – Cubic centimenter, or Chief Complaint
  • CCF – Congestive cardiac failure
  • CCK – Cholecystokinin
  • CEA – Carcinoembryonic antigen
  • CF – Cystic fibrosis
  • cGMP – Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
  • ChE – Cholinesterase
  • CHD – Coronary heart disease
  • CHE – Cholinesterase
  • CHF – Congestive heart failure
  • CI – Confidence interval
  • CJD – Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
  • CK – Creatine kinase
  • CLL – Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • CML – Chronic myelogenous leukemia also called Chronic myeloid leukaemia
  • CMML – Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
  • CMS – Chronic mountain sickness
  • CMV – Cytomegalovirus
  • COAD – Chronic obstructive airways disease
  • COLD – Chronic obstructive lung disease
  • COPD – Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • CO – Cardiac output
  • CO – Carbon monoxide
  • COX-1 – Cyclooxygenase 1
  • COX-2 – Cyclooxygenase 2
  • CP – cerebral palsy
  • CPAP – Continuous positive airway pressure
  • CPK – Creatine phosphokinase
  • CPR – Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • CREST Calcinosis Raynaud Esophagus Sclerosis Teleangiectasiae
  • CRF – Chronic renal failure
  • CRF – Corticotropin-releasing factor
  • CRH – Corticotropin-releasing hormone
  • CRI – Chronic renal insufficiency
  • CRP – C-reactive protein
  • CR – Complete remission
  • CS  – Caesarean section
  • CsA – Ciclosporin A
  • CSF – Cerebrospinal fluid
  • CT – computed axial tomography
  • CVA – Cerebrovascular accident
  • CVD – Cardiovascular disease
  • CVP – Central venous pressure
  • CVS – Chorionic villus sampling
  • CVID – Common variable immunodeficiency
  • Cx – Microbiological culture
  • CXR Chest X-ray

D

  • DBP – Diastolic blood pressure
  • D&C – Dilatation and curettage operation
  • DCM – Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • DDD – Daily Defined Doses
  • DDx – Differential diagnosis
  • DHEA-S – Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate
  • DHE – Dihydoergotamine
  • DIB – Dead in Bed
  • DIC – Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • DIP – Distal interphalangeal joint
  • DPT – Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus
  • DiPerTe – Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus
  • DiTe – Diphtheria Tetanus
  • DM – Diabetes Mellitus
  • DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid
  • DNR – Do Not Resuscitate
  • DNAR – Do Not Attempt Resusciatation
  • DOA – Dead on arrival
  • DOE – Dyspnea on exertion
  • DOSS – Docusate sodium; from the chemical name dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
  • DT – Diphtheria Tetanus
  • DTP – Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis
  • DUB – Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
  • DVR Darth Vader Respirations (Agonal breathing)
  • DVT – Deep vein thrombosis
  • DWO Death warmed over
  • DEXA – Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry
  • Dx – Diagnosis
  • D&C – Dilation & Curettage or Dilatation & Curettage Jargon: "Dustin' and Cleanin'", "Doughnuts and coffee"

E

  • E – Erythrocytes
  • EACA – Epsilon-aminocaproic acid
  • EBM – Evidence-based medicine
  • EBM Expressed – Breast Milk
  • EC – Enterically Coated
  • ECG – Electrocardiogram
  • ED  – Emergency department
  • ED – Erectile Disfunction
  • ED – Ectodermal dysplasia
  • EDD Estimated Date of Delivery (at 40/40 weeks of pregnancy)
  • EDD Estimated date of discharge
  • EDRF – Endothelium-derived relaxing factor aka – Nitric oxide
  • EEG – Electroencephalogram
  • EF – Ejection Fraction
  • EGF – Epidermal Growth Factor
  • EKG – Electrocardiogram
  • EMLSCS – Emergency Lower Segment Caesarian Section
  • ELLSCS – Elective Lower Segment Caesarian Section
  • ELISA – Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • EMC – Encephalomyocarditis
  • EMD – Early Morning Discovery ("Woke up Dead")
  • EMF – Endomyocardial fibrosis
  • EMG – Electromyography
  • ENT – Ear Nose and Throat. (Otolaryngology)
  • EENT – eyes, ears, nose, throat
  • EPH – Edema Proteinuria Hypertension
  • EPO – Erythropoietin
  • ERCP – Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
  • ESL Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (also ESWL) - see lithotriptor
  • ESAD – "Every Sock Air Dries" (an caution against overtreating patients)
  • ESR – Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
  • ESWL Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (also ESL) - see – lithotriptor
  • ET – Endothelin
  • ETT – Endotracheal tube
  • ETOH – ethanol or – ethyl alcohol
  • EUS – Endoscopic Ultrasonography

F

  • FBC – Full blood count
  • FBE – Full blood exam
  • F/C – Fevers or Chills
  • FDP – Fibrinogen Degradation Products
  • FEV1 – Forced Expiratory Volume 1-second
  • Fe – Iron
  • FF free fluids (non-thickened fluids)
  • FFA – Free fatty acids
  • FFFFFFFS – "Fat, forty, flatulent female with frothy, floating, feculant stools" =Gall stones
  • FFP – Fresh frozen plasma
  • FHR – Fetal heart rate
  • FHT – Fetal heart tones
  • FIBD Found in Bed Dead
  • FLK Funny Loooking Kid (Might be a syndrome}
  • FNC – Full nursing care
  • FOF Found on Floor (Patient fell out of bed)
  • FPG – Fasting plasma glucose
  • FSE Fetal Scalp Electrode
  • FSH – Follicle stimulating hormone
  • FTA-ABS – Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption
  • FTA – Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody
  • FTD Fixin' to Die (Also see CC)
  • FUAB Found Under a Bridge (might need social worker consult)
  • FUBAR Fouled up beyond repair
  • FUAR Found Under A Rock (definitely needs a social worker)
  • FWB Full weight bearing
  • FWD Full ward diet

G

  • G – Gravida (total number of pregancies, successful or not)
  • G6PD – Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase
  • GA – General anaesthesia
  • GABA – gamma-aminobutyric acid
  • GCA – Giant cell arteritis
  • GCS – Glasgow Coma Scale
  • GDLH – Glutamate dehydrogenase
  • GERD – Gastro-esophageal reflux disease
  • GFR – Glomerular filtrate rate
  • GGTP – Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase
  • GH – Growth hormone
  • GH "Gyn Hog" =morbidly obese patient on gynecology service (jargon). Requires special care.
  • GHRF – Growth hormone releasing factor
  • GITS – Gastrointestinal therapeutic system
  • GIFT – Gamete intrafallopian transfer
  • GOA Gone on Arrival (i.e., DOA)
  • GOK God only knows
  • GORK God Only Really Knows. Typically used to describe an obtunded patient ("Mr Johnson was really Gorked after his closed head injury, but he came around quickly.")
  • GORD – Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
  • GOT – glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase
  • GPT – glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
  • GSW – Gun-shot wound see HVLT
  • GTN – Glyceryl trinitrate
  • GU Genitourinary
  • GUM – Genitourinary medicine (often used more restrictively as alternative to Sexually-transmitted disease clinic)
  • GvH – Graft-versus-host
  • GvHD – Graft-versus-host disease

H

  • HA – Hypertonia arterialis
  • HAD – HIV-associated dementia
  • H/A – headache
  • H&E – Hematoxlyn and Eosin Standard tissue stain. Sometimes used as noun referring to stained slides--"H&E's showed..."
  • HAV – Hepatitis A virus
  • Hb – Hemoglobin
  • HBV – Hepatitis B virus
  • HCG – Human chorionic gonadotropin
  • HCM – Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • HCT – Hematocrit
  • HCT – Hydrochlorothiazide
  • HCV – Hepatitis C virus
  • HDL – High density lipoprotein
  • HDL-C – High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
  • HDU – High dependency unit
  • HDV – Hepatitis D virus
  • HEV – Hepatitis E virus
  • HGB – Hemoglobin
  • HGD He's Gonna Die
  • HH – Hiatus hernia
  • H&H – Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
  • Hib – Haemophilus influenzae B
  • HIV – Human immunodeficiency virus
  • HL – Hepatic lipase
  • HLA – Human leukocyte antigens
  • H&M – Hematemesis and Malena
  • HMO Heave Mom Out (Sometimes seen on pediatric wards)
  • HOCM – Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
  • H&P history & physical
  • HPI history of present illness
  • HR – Heart rate
  • HRT – Hormone replacement therapy
  • H.S. – At bedtime, hora somni.
  • HSG – Hysterosalpingogram
  • HSV – Herpes simplex virus
  • HT – Hypertension
  • HTLV – Human T-lymphotropic virus
  • HTN – Hypertension
  • HUS – Hemolytic uremic syndrome
  • HVLT High-velocity Lead Therapy, also see GSW
  • Hx history

I

  • I – radioactive iodine
  • IA – Intra-arterial
  • IABP – Intra-aortic balloon pump
  • IAI – Intra-amniotic infection
  • IC – Intracardiac
  • ICD – Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
  • ICD-10 – International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision
  • ICH – Intracerebral hemorrhage
  • ICP – Intracranial pressure
  • ICU – Intensive care unit
  • I & D – Incision and drainage (How to treat an abcess}
  • IDC – Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
  • IDC – Indwelling catheter
  • IDDM – Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
  • IDL – Intermediate density lipoprotein
  • IFG – Impaired fasting glycaemia
  • Ig – Immunoglobulin
  • IGT – Impaired glucose tolerance
  • IHD – Ischaemic heart disease
  • i.m. – intramuscular
  • IMB Intermenstrual bleed (bleeding between periods)
  • IMI – Intramuscular injection
  • INF – Interferon
  • INR – International normalized ratio
  • I&O – inputs and outputs
  • IOL – Intraocular lens
  • IOP – Intraocular pressure
  • IP – Interphalangeal joint
  • IPPV – Intermittent positive pressure ventilation
  • IQ – Intelligence Quotient
  • ISA – Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity
  • ISDN – Isosorbide dinitrate
  • ISH – Isolated systolic hypertension
  • ISMN – Isosorbide mononitrate
  • i.s.q. no change from – Latin, in status quo
  • IT – Intrathecal
  • ITP – Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
  • ITU – Intensive Treatment Unit (or Intensive Therapy Unit)
  • IUCD – intrauterine contraceptive device
  • IU – International units
  • IUD – Intrauterine Death
  • IUD – intrauterine device
  • IUI – Intrauterine insemination
  • IUS – intrauterine system
  • i.v. – Intravenous
  • IV-DSA – Intravenous digital subtraction angiography
  • IVDU – Intravenous drug user
  • IVF – In vitro fertilization
  • IVP – Intravenous pyelogram

J

  • JMS "Junior Medical Student" AKA "MS-3" Also see "TOBASH"
  • JVD – Jugular vein distension

K

  • K – Potassium (in German, Kalium)
  • Kcal – Kilocalorie, Calorie
  • kg – Kilogram
  • KUB [kidney, ureter, bladder (x-ray)]

L

  • LAD – Left Anterior Descending coronary artery
  • LAP – Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase
  • LAR – Low Anterior Resection
  • LAS – Lymphadenopathy syndrome
  • LBBB – Left bundle branch block
  • LCM – Lymphocytic meningitis
  • LDH – Lactate dehydrogenase
  • LDL – Low density lipoprotein
  • LDL-C – Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
  • L-DOPA – DihydrOxyPhenylAlanine
  • LES – Lower esophageal sphincter
  • LES – Lupus erythematosus systemicus
  • LE – Lupus erythematosus (in German Lupus erythematodes)
  • leu – Leukocytes
  • LFT – Liver function test
  • LGL – Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome
  • LGM – Lymphogranulomatosis maligna
  • LGV – Lymphogranuloma venereum
  • LH – Luteinizing hormone
  • L – Leukocytes
  • LIH left – inguinal hernia
  • LLL left lower lobe
  • LLQ – left lower quadrant
  • LM Left Main
  • LMC Low Marble Count
  • LMP Last Menstrual period (prior to pregnancy and in woman with regular 28 day cycle taken as 0/40 weeks of pregnancy)
  • LOL Little old Lady
  • LOL-NAD Little old Lady in No Apparent Distress
  • LOS – Length of stay
  • Lp – Lipoprotein
  • LP – Lumbar puncture
  • LPL – Lipoprotein lipase
  • LUL Left upper lobe
  • LUQ – Left upper quadrant
  • LVEDP – Left ventricular end diastolic pressure
  • LVEF – Left ventricular ejection fraction
  • LVF – Left ventricular failure
  • LVH – Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • LV – Left ventricle
  • LVOT – Left Ventricular Outflow Track
  • Ly – Lymphocytes
  • lytes – electrolytes

M

  • MAO-I – Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
  • MARSA – Methicillin and aminoglycoside resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  • MAS – Morgani-Adams-Stokes
  • MC – Metacarpal bone
  • MCP – Metacarpophalangeal joint
  • MCHC – Mean cell hemoglobin concentration
  • MCH – Mean cell hemoglobin
  • MCV – Mean cell volume
  • MDS – Myelodysplastic syndrome
  • Mg – Magnesium
  • MGUS – Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (unknown or uncertain may be substituted for undertermined)
  • MI – Myocardial infarction
  • MIC – Morbus Ischaemicus Cordis
  • MIC – Minimal inhibitory concentration
  • MLA – Myelosis Leucemica Acuta
  • MM – Myeloma multiplex
  • mod [moderate]
  • MODY – Maturity onset diabetes of the young
  • Mo – Monocytes
  • MOM [milk of magnesia]
  •  – MOPP Mechlorethamine, Vincristine, Procarbazine, and – Prednisone in combination, older treatment for – Hodgkins lymphoma.
  • MPV – Mean platelet volume
  • MRA – Magnetic resonance angiogram or angiogrphy
  • MRI – Magnetic resonance imaging
  • MR – Mitral regurgitation
  • MR – Modified release
  • MRSA – Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  • MSH – Melanocyte stimulating hormone
  • MS – Mitral stenosis
  • MS – Multiple sclerosis
  • MS – Medical student MS-1, MS-2, MS-3, MS-4 respectively
  • MT – Metatarsal bone
  • MTP – Metatarsalphalangeal joint
  • MTX – Methotrexate
  • MVP – Mitral valve prolapse
  • MVPS – Mitral valve prolapse syndrome

N

  • Na – Sodium (in German Natrium)
  • NAD No abnormality detected, the absence of abnormal – signs on – examination (generally a poor term to use as fails to specify what was specifically sought for and may later suggest that a detailed examination was Not actually done). See WDL.
  • NAD – No apparent distress.
  • Ne – Neutrophil granulocytes
  • Neo – Neoplasm
  • NGU – Non-gonococcal urethritis
  • NHL – Non Hodgkin Lymphoma
  • NIDDM – Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
  • NK – Natural killer cells
  • NKA – no known allergies
  • NKDA – no known drug allergies
  • NMR – Nuclear magnetic resonance
  • NNH – Number needed to harm
  • NNT – Number needed to treat
  • NO – Nitric oxide
  • NOF Neck of Femur Fracture (refers to – Hip fracture)
  • NOS – Nitric oxide synthase
  • Npl – Neoplasm
  • NPO – nil per os (nothing by mouth)
  • NREM – non-Rapid Eye Movement
  • n.s. not significant
  • NSAID – Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug
  • NSE – Neurospecific enolase
  • NSR – normal sinus rhythm
  • NSU – Non-specific urethritis
  • NTG – Nitroglycerin
  • N & V – nausea & vomiting
  • NVD – nausea, vomiting & diarrhea
  • NVD normal vaginal delivery

O

  • OA  – osteoarthritis
  • OB-GYN – Obstetrics and gynaecology
  • OCD – Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  • OD right – eye (Latin oculus dexter)
  • OD – overdose
  • O/E on examination
  • OGTT – Oral glucose tolerance test
  • OP – outpatient department
  • ORTA Orthopedic resident training apparatus = – Motorcycle
  • OS left eye (Latin oculus sinister)
  • OS – Orthopedic surgery "Twice as strong as an ox, half as smart".
  • OSA Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • OSH outside hospital
  • OTC – Over the counter
  • OTD Out the Door (discharged)

P

  • P – Pulse
  • P – Parturition (total number of live births)
  • P – Phosphorus
  • p.c. After food, from – Latin, post cibum
  • p.o. By mouth, from – Latin, per os
  • PAF – Platelet activating factor
  • PAF – Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
  • PAH – Pulmonary arterial hypertension
  • PAI-1 – Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
  • PAO – Peak Acid Output
  • PAP – Papanicolaou stain
  • PA – posterior-anterior
  • PA – Pulmonary artery
  • Pap – Papanicolaou Test (pap smear)
  • PAT – Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
  • p.c. [after meals]
  • PCOS – Polycystic ovarian syndrome
  • PCP – Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (formerly Pneumocystis carinii)
  • PCP – Primary Care Physician/Primary Care Provider
  • PCR – Polymerase chain reaction
  • PDA – Patent ductus arteriosus
  • PDE – Phosphodiesterase
  • PDT – Photodynamic Therapy
  • PEEP – Positive end expiratory pressure
  • PEFR – Peak expiratory flow rate
  • PEF – Peak expiratory flow
  • PERLA Pupils Equal and Reactive to Light and Accomodation
  • PET – Positron-emission tomography
  • PFO – Patent foramen ovale
  • PID – Pelvic inflammatory disease Jargon-- "Pus in Dere"
  • PIP – Proximal interphalangeal joint
  • PIH – Pregnancy induced hypertension
  • PKA – Protein kinase A
  • PKU – Phenylketonuria
  • PLT – platelets
  • PMB – Post-menopausal bleeding (bleeding after menopause)
  • PMH [past medical history] or – Perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • PMR – Percutaneous Myocardial Revascularisation
  • PMR – Polymyalgia Rheumatica
  • p.o. orally from – Latin, per os
  • POX – Peroxidase
  • PPH – Post partum haemorrhage
  • PPP Piss Poor Protoplasm
  • PPRS – Pharmaceutical Price Regulatory Scheme
  • p.r. per rectum (as noun: – rectal examination
  • PRA – Plasma renin activity
  • p.r.n. or PRN [as often as necessary]
  • PRIND – Prolonged Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit
  • prn as necessary (from Latin pro re nata)
  • PSA – Prostatic specific antigen
  • PSP – Phenylsulphtalein
  • PTM Pulmonary – Tuberculosis
  • PROM Premature Rupture of Membranes
  • PTA – Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty
  • PTCA – Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
  • PT – Prothrombin time
  • PTH – Parathyroid hormone
  • PTT – Partial thromboplastin time
  • PUD – peptic ulcer disease
  • PUVA Psoralen UV A
  • p.v. per vagina (as noun: vaginal examination with manual examination and – speculum inspection)
  • PVD – peripheral vascular disease
  • PVR – Pulmonary vascular resistance
  • Px, px – physical examination
  • Px – Prognosis
  • PWP – Pulmonary Wedge Pressure

Q

  • q each, every, from – Latin, quaque
  • q.d. each day, from – Latin, quaque die
  • q.d.s. four times each day, from – Latin, quater die sumendus
  • q.i.d. four times each day, from – Latin, quater in die
  • QID Queen in distress, also see BFB
  • q.o.d. every other day

R

  • RA – Refractory anaemia
  • RA – Rheumatoid arthritis
  • RAI – Radioactive Iodine
  • RBBB – Right bundle branch block
  • RBC – Red blood cells
  • RCA – Right coronary artery
  • RCT – Randomized controlled trial
  • REM – Rapid eye movement
  • RF – Rheumatoid factor
  • RFLP – Restriction fragment length polymorphism
  • RFT – Renal function test
  • Rh – Rhesus factor
  • RhF – Rheumatoid factor
  • RIA – Radioimmune assay
  • RIBA – Radioimmunoblotting assay
  • RIND – Reversible ischemic neurologic deficit
  • RLQ – Right lower quadrant
  • RNA – Ribonucleic acid
  • RNV – Radionuclear Ventriculography
  • ROM – Range of motion
  • RR – Respiratory rate
  • ROS – Review of systems
  • RUQ – Right upper quadrant
  • RPR – Rapid Plasma Reagin test
  • RSV – Respiratory Syncytial Virus
  • RV – Residual volume
  • RV – Right ventricle
  • RVF – Right ventricular failure
  • RVSP – Right ventricular systolic pressure
  • Rx – medical prescription or – Prescription drug

S

  • s (with a bar over it) without from – Middle English sans, borrowed from – Old French sans
  • SAH – Subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • SARS – Severe acute respiratory syndrome
  • SAS Sick as Sh!t
  • SBE – Subacute bacterial endocarditis
  • SBP – Systolic blood pressure
  • SBP – spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
  • SCC – Squamous cell carciona
  • SCID – Severe combined immunodeficiency
  • s.c – subcutaneous from – Latin, subcutis
  • SD – Standard deviation
  • SGA – Small for gestational age
  • SGOT – Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase
  • SGPT – Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase
  • SH – Social history (personal habits, living situation, job)
  • SHBG – Sex Hormone Binding Globuline
  • SI – International System of Units
  • SIADH – Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
  • SIDS – Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
  • SIMV – Synchronized Intermittent Mechanical Ventilation
  • SK – Streptokinase
  • SLE – Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • SM Latin Sclerosis multiplex - – Multiple sclerosis
  • SMA – Sequential Multiple Analysis
  • SMA-7 Serum Metabolic Assay
  • SMS Senior medical student
  • SNP – Sodium Nitroprusside
  • SOAP Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan (How Doctor's notes are organized)
  • SOB – Shortness of breath
  • SOS – Save Our Souls, meaning "in case of emergency"
  • SP – Status post
  • SPET – Single photon emission tomography
  • SR – Slow Release
  • SROM – Spontaneous rupture of membranes
  • SSRI – Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
  • SSSS – Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
  • SSS – Sick Sinus Syndrome
  • STD – Sexually transmitted disease
  • STI Sexually transmitted infection
  • STH – Somatotropic hormone
  • Subq – Subcutaneous
  • SVD Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery
  • SVR – Systemic vascular resistance
  • SVT – Supraventricular tachycardia
  • SWW Sick, Wet, Whiney
  • Sx – Symptoms
  • SXA – Single energy X-ray absorptiometer
  • SXR – skull x-ray
  • SVI – Systemic Viral Infection

T

  • T & A – tonsillectomy with – adenoidectomy
  • TAH Total Abdominal – Hysterectomy
  • TAH-BSO Total Abdominal – Hysterectomy with Bilateral – Salpingo-oophorectomy
  • TBC – tuberculosis
  • TBC Total body crunch
  • TB – tuberculosis
  • Td – Tetanus and Diphtheria
  • TdP – Torsades de pointes
  • TBI – Total body irradiation
  • t.d.s. Three times a day, from – Latin, ter die sumendus
  • TEE – Transesophageal echocardiogram
  • TENS Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulaton
  • TERN "Intern", also see TOBASH
  • TFTs – Thyroid function tests
  • TGA – Transposition of the great arteries
  • TG – Triglycerides
  • Tg – Thyroglobulin
  • THR – Total hip replacement
  • TIA – Transient ischemic attack
  • TIBC – Total iron binding capacity
  • t.i.d. Three times a day, from – Latin, ter in die
  • TIPS – transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
  • TKR – Total knee replacement
  • TKVO to keep vein open
  • TLC – Total lung capacity
  • TMB "Too Many Birthdays" Very frail elderly patient
  • TMS – Tension myositis syndrome
  • TNF – Tumor necrosis factor
  • TNM – Tumor-Nodes-Metastases
  • TOBASH Take Out Back and Shoot in Head
  • TOE – Transoesophageal echocardiogram
  • tPA – Tissue plasminogen activator
  • TPN – Total parenteral nutrition
  • TS – Tricuspid regurgitation
  • TRF Transfer (pronounced "turf")
  • TRF'd Transfered (Pronounced "turfed", as in "We just turfed Mrs Johnson OTD")
  • TRH – Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone
  • TS – Tricuspid stenosis
  • TSH – Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
  • TT – thrombin time
  • TTE – Transthoracic echocardiogram
  • TTP – Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
  • TTS – Transdermal therapeutic system
  • Tu – Tumor
  • TUR – Transurethral resection
  • TURP – Trans-urethral prostatectomy
  • Tx – Transplant
  • Tx – treatment

U

  • UBT – Urea Breath Test
  • U & E – urea and electrolytes (sodium and potassium) blood test, often including – creatinine
  • URI – Upper Respiratory Infection
  • URTI – Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
  • US – Ultrasound
  • USG – Ultrasonography
  • USR Unheated Serum Reagin
  • USS – Ultrasound scan
  • UTI – Urinary Tract Infection
  • UVAL – Ultraviolet Argon Laser

V

  • VA – visual acuity
  • VAD vincristine adriblastine dexamethasone
  • VAMP vincristine adriblastine methylprednisone
  • V-BAC Vaginal Birth After Caesarian
  • VC – Vital capacity
  • vCJD – Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
  • VD Vaginal Delivery
  • VDRL – Venereal Diseases Research Laboratory (old test for syphilis}
  • VE – vaginal examination (manual examination)
  • VEB Ventricular – ectopic beat
  • VRE – Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci
  • VF – Ventricular fibrillation
  • VIP – Vasoactive intestinal peptide
  • VLDL – Very low density lipoprotein
  • VMA – Vanillylmandelic acid
  • VOD – Volume of distribution
  • VPA – Valproic acid
  • VSD – Ventricular septal defect
  • VT – Ventricular tachycardia

W

  • WAT – White adipose tissue
  • WBC – White blood cells
  • WDWN – Well developed, well Nourished
  • WNL Within Normal Limits
  • WPW ;– Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
  • WWI Walking While Intoxicated

X

  • x – times/for

Y

YOYO "You're on your own"

Z

  • ZIFT – Zygote intrafallopian transfer

Latin abbreviations

Some of the following list are considered non-standardized abbreviations because their meanings could be easily misunderstood.

Abbrev. Meaning Latin origin
a.c. Before food ante cibum
a.d. Right ear auris dexter
ad. Freely as wanted ad libitum
a.l. Left ear aurix laevus
alt. die Every other day alternus die
alt. h. Every other hour alternus horis
a.m. Morning ante meridiem
a.n. Before the night ante noctum
aq. Water aqua
a.s. Left ear auris sinister
a.u. Each ear auris utro
aurist. Ear drops auristillae
b.d. Twice a day bis die
b.i.d. Twice a day bis in die
gtt. Drop gutta
h. Hour hora
h.s. At bedtime hora somni
i.d. during the day
i.d. the same idem
I.D. Infectious Disease
i.d. intradermal, between layers of the skin
mane In the morning mane
narist. Nasal drops naristillae
Nocte At night nocte
o.c. Eye ointment oculentum
o.d. Daily omni die
o.d. Right eye oculus dexter
o.l. Left eye oculus laevus
o.m. In the morning omni mane
o.n. At night omni nocte
o.s. Left eye oculus sinister
o.u. Each eye oculus utro
p.c. After food post cibum
p.m. Afternoon post meridiem
p.o. Orally per os
p.r. Rectally per rectum
p.r.n. As occasion requires (as needed) pro re nata
p.v. Vaginally per vaginum
q. every quaque
q.2.h. Every two hours quaque 2 hora
q.4.h. Every four hours quaque 4 hora
q.6.h. Every six hours quaque 6 hora
q.8.h. Every eight hours quaque 8 hora
q.d. Every day quaque die
q.d.s. Four times a day quater die sumendus
q.h. Every hour, hourly quaque hora
q.i.d. Four times a day quater in die
q.q.h. Every four hours quarta quaque hora
q.s. A sufficient quantity quantum sufficiat
s.i.d. Once a day semel in die
Sig. or S. Write on the label signa
SL. Sublingual, under the tongue sub linguam
Stat. Immediately, with no delay statim
t.d.s. Three times a day ter die sumendus
t.i.d. Three times a day ter in die
top. Topically, applied to the skin
ut dict. or u.d. As directed ut dictum
ung. Ointment unguentum

See also

  • Acronym
  • List of abbreviations for medical organisations and personnel
  • Medical Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms

External links

  • Medical abbreviations on All Acronyms
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